por Roberto Arlt
Argentina, 1929
Esta atmósfera de sueño y de inquietud que lo hacía circular a través de los días como un sómnambulo, la denominaba Erdosain, "la zona de la angustia".
Erdosain se imaginaba que dicha zona existía sobre el nivel de las ciudades, a dos metros de altura, y se le representaba gráficamente bajo la forma de esas regiones de salinas o desiertos que en los mapas están revelados por óvalos de puntos, tan espesos como las ovas de un arenque.
Esta zona de angustia era la consecuencia del sufrimiento de los hombres. Y como una nube de gas venenoso se trasladaba pesadamente de un punto a otro, penetrando murallas y atrevesando los edificios, sin perder su forma plana y horizontal; angustia de dos dimensiones que guillotinando las gragantas dejaba en éstas un regusto de sollozo".
(Los siete locos, 9)
(Los siete locos, 9)
Los siete locos debe haber sido un libro horrible. Lo menos, su tema principal--el hombre moderno en busca de sentido--ya era la materia de cliché a la hora de su publicación. ¿Por qué es entonces que la obra de Arlt, una novela que finge ser una crónica, es considerada hoy en día como un verdadero clásico dentro de la panorama de las letras argentinas? Para mí, la mayor parte de la respuesta tiene que ver con la desmesura total de la imaginación y la escritura de Arlt. Después de sufrir dos golpes crueles, lo de ser denunciado por robar seiscientos pesos de su trabajo y lo de perder su esposa a otro hombre, el protagonista Remo Erdosain se reune con una sociedad secreta encabezada por hombres con apodos pintorescos como el Astrólogo y el Rufián Melancólico. Dado que el objetivo de la sociedad secreta es de fomentar revolución en el hemisferio financiándolo por la instalación de una serie de próstibulos, no será una sorpresa encontrar que este proyecto demente es digno del título del libro. Sin embargo, Arlt parece completamente serio en cuanto a la angustia existencial de Erdosain (véase la cita arriba) y en cuanto al retrato sórdido de los bajos fondos bonaerenses donde los cafishios y las putas sifilíticas se destacan. Porque Arlt está igualmente cómodo describiendo el plan de los locos de usar gasas asfixiantes y el bacílo asiático para cumplir su misión, sería entendible si uno sospechaba que Los siete locos es demasiado escandaloso para algunos lectores; no obstante, los que evitan la lectura de esta novela no aprovecharán algunos de los mejores discursos disparatados desde los días de Don Quijote. ¡Un rarísimo libro pero un libro de puta madre, te digo!
The Seven Madmen [Los siete locos] (Serpent's Tail, 1998)
by Roberto Arlt [translated from the Spanish by Nick Caistor)
Argentina, 1929
The name Erdosain gave to this mood of dreams and disquiet that led him to roam like a sleepwalker through the days was "the anguish zone."
He imagined this zone floating above cities, about two metres in the air, and pictured it graphically like an area of salt flats or deserts that are shown on maps by tiny dots, as dense as herring roe.
This anguish zone was the product of mankind's suffering. It slid from one place to the next like a cloud of poison gas, seeping through walls, passing straight through buildings, without ever losing its flat horizontal shape; a two-dimensional anguish that left an after-taste of tears in throats it sliced like a guillotine. (The Seven Madmen, translated by Nick Caistor, 5-6)
The Seven Madmen should have been a horrible book. At the very least, its main theme--modern man's search for meaning--was already the stuff of cliché at the time of its publication. So why is the work, a novel that tries to pass itself off as a chronicle, now considered a classic within the panorama of Argentinean letters? For me, a large part of the answer has to do with the unfettered nature of Arlt's imagination and writing. After suffering the cruel double whammy of being turned in for stealing 600 pesos from his job and then losing his wife to another man, protagonist Remo Erdosain joins a secret society headed by men with colorful nicknames like the Astrologer and the Melancholy Thug. Given that the goal of the secret society is to foment revolution in the hemisphere with income generated by the installation of a chain of brothels, it will probably come as no surprise that this harebrained scheme certainly lives up to the book's title. However, Arlt seems dead serious when describing Erdosain's existentialist angst (see passage above) and the sordid Buenos Aires underworld in which pimps and syphilitic whores vie for the reader's attention. That he's equally on message describing the madmen's plan to use asphyxiating gases and the Asian flu bacillus to accomplish their aims may make The Seven Madmen seem too over the top for some to enjoy, but skip it and you'll miss some of the greatest crackpot speeches in Spanish language literature since the days of Don Quixote. A fucked-up classic, I kid you not! (http://www.serpentstail.com/)
Roberto Arlt
-¿Y a usted le resulta lógico pensar que una sociedad revolucionaria se base en la explotación del vicio de la mujer?
El Rufián frunció los labios. Luego, mirando de reojo a Erdosain, se explicó:
-Lo que usted dice no tiene sentido. La sociedad actual se basa en la explotación capitalista, a las fundiciones de hierro de Avellaneda, a los frigoríficos y a las fábricas de vidrio, manufacturas de fósforos y de tabaco. -Reía desagradablemente al decir estas cosas-. Nosotros, los hombres del ambiente, tenemos a una, a dos mujeres; ellos, los industriales, a una multitud de seres humanos. ¿Cómo hay que llamarles a esos hombres? ¿Y quién es más desalmado, el dueño de un prostíbulo o la sociedad de accionistas de una empresa? Y sin ir más lejos, ¿no le exigían a usted que fuera honrado con un sueldo de cien pesos y llevando diez mil en la cartera?
(Los siete locos, 37-38)
*
"But does it seem logical to you to base a revolutionary society on the exploitation of women through vice?"
The Thug curled his lip. Then, shooting Erdosain a sideways glance, he replied:
"You're talking nonsense. Our present-day society is based on the exploitation of men, women and children. If you want to see what capitalist exploitation is really like, go take a look at the steelworks in Avellaneda, the meat-packing plants, the glassworks, or the match or tobacco factories." He snickered unpleasantly as he said this. "Those of us who run girls have one or two of them, but industrialists control a whole mass of human beings. What would be the best name for them? And who is more heartless, a brothel owner or the shareholders of a large company? To look no further, didn't they expect you to be honest on a wage of 100 pesos while you were carting around 10,000 in your wallet?
(The Seven Madmen, translated by Nick Caistor, 40)
Sounds like a great follow-up to Bolano's maquiladora exploitation story. Do I detect a theme here?
ResponderBorrarOne thing I have observed is that if you are the glass half-full type, like my husband, and perhaps you, such books seem very clever and humorous. If, on the other hand, you are the glass half-empty-and-moreover-filled-with-bacteria type, like me, you find such books really, really depressing.
I readily show my hand. I'm off to E.L.Fay's blog to look at vampire pin-ups....
Recuerdo mucho la versión cinematográfica de Los siete locos, no sé si buena ni mala pero una aproximación a la literatura de Arlt.
ResponderBorrarEl juguete rabioso me pareció genial y lo leí más de una vez, tengo un ejemplar de los 7 locos esperando para su lectura completa y a conciencia, sobre todo esto último, leo mucho en piloto automático.
saludos Richard
"la zona de la angustia"/"The Anguish Zone"--that'd be a great title for a secondary (ranting) blog. Just curious, Richard,how long is this book? Since you've read and reviewed a few other Arlt works, where would you put this one? Meaning would you recommend this one as an introduction to Arlt?
ResponderBorrarEnjoyed your review.
The only thing depressing about this novel is that it's one of only two Arlt books in English.
ResponderBorrarGreat writing is exhilarating.
*Jill: The Seven Madmen could have easily been depressing (and rather boring) in lesser hands, but Arlt's writing was so unrestrained and striking I often found myself laughing at the weird characters and their commentaries. Not sure this has anything to say about temperament, sense of humor or anything else, but Bolaño was indeed a fan of Arlt's...and prob. not of vampire pin-ups if I had to guess!
ResponderBorrar*Mario: Tendré que averiguar si la cinta de Los siete locos está disponible en estas orillas, pero me gusta la idea de verla. De todos modos, estoy cierto que la novela vos vaya a gustar porque Arlt = Messi en esta cancha (las oraciones de Erdosain y los otros locos son estupendos). ¡Un saludote!
*Lourdes: I'd say either this or El juguete rabioso, Arlt's first novel from 1926, are equally fine and entertaining places to start. The first novel's a little more conventional but still idiosyncratic; this one's a little more ragged but hits more high spots, I think. Both works clock in at circa 200 pages or less and are quick reads, and both will give you give you a feel for the gritty urban underbelly of Buenos Aires usually lacking in Arlt's more sophisticated "rival" Borges. Although I hope to post on more of Arlt's newspaper writing and short fiction before the end of the year, you could also check out his short story "Las fieras" (see link to my post on the sidebar, which includes an imbedded link to the story online) if you want a taste of his work at its most pugilistic (though least humorous). Some of his stuff was pretty shocking considering the era he was writing in! P.S. The Anguish Zone is all yours, my friend! :D
*Amateur Reader: Well said. Still shocked that Los lanzallamas [The Flamethrowers], Arlt's follow-up to The Seven Madmen, has gone untranslated in English to this day!
ResponderBorrarHola, Richard: la película Los siete locos (Leopoldo Torre Nilson, 1973; http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0069269/) abarca el argumento de los dos libros de Arlt, Los siete locos y Los lanzallamas. Puede ser un buen plan leer el primer libro en inglés y luego, a falta de traducción, conseguir la peli y así enterarse de cómo sigue la historia. Saludos.
ResponderBorrar*Hola Martín: Espero poder ver la peli de Los siete locos este fin de semana (resulta que mi biblioteca tiene un ejemplar en VHS), pero yo también tengo un ejemplar de Los lanzallamas en castellano. Tengo muchas ganas de leerlo ahora mismo, pero voy a esperar por un día lluvioso. De todos modos, gracias por tus sugerencias arltianas en cuanto a la película. ¡Saludos!
ResponderBorrarI wonder if cliched literary topics can be rehabilitated through humor. Sounds like that's what happened here.
ResponderBorrarRegarding Arlit in English - César Aira's Ghost has also been translated. It's on my TBR list.
Erdosain , esta condenado , tal como los personajes de Dostoesky , pero su condena es una condena Sudamericana. Un tipo de condena que viven varios habitantes de este lado del mundo.
ResponderBorrarTal como se narra en hijo de Ladrón de Manuel Rojas. El destino de los personajes muchas veces no deja otra opción.
*E.L. Fay: It's kind of hard to explain, but Arlt's humor here--of which there is plenty--seems to stem more from his audacity than from an expressly comedic intent. A very weird effect in that regard! (I have a different Aira book than the one you mention lost in the TBR shuffle, but I'm not sure when I'll get around to it since it's already been a year or two since I picked it up--will look forward to your review of Ghosts in the meantime.)
ResponderBorrar*Leox: ¡Qué interesante eso de Erdosain como un representante de la "condena sudamericana"! Compré Los demonios, de Dostoesky, hace un par de días, porque leí en alguna parte que esa novela rusa era una inspiración sobre la genésis de Los siete locos y Los lanzallamas. Sería mi primera Dosto en muchísimos años. ¡Saludos!
I know exactly what you mean about humor springing from narrative audacity. Very nicely put. It's what I find funny about Céline a lot of the time.
ResponderBorrarI'm becoming more & more intrigued by Arlt the more I read about him, both from you & Amateur Reader (and maybe elsewhere?). He sounds like he would be right up my alley.
*Emily: I'm glad you understood what I was trying to get at, and the intersection between audacity and humor in Céline is a great parallel to what I was talking about. I think you'd dig Arlt's first two novels, but he's so gritty and rough around the edges I think he'd only be an "acquired taste" for most.
ResponderBorrarArlt es un gran descubrimento para mí porque esta temática me fascina. Espero encontrar sus libros.
ResponderBorrarUn saludo, Richard. :)
*Hola Andrómeda: Arlt es un "excéntrico" (según el juicio de la crítica argentina Beatriz Sarlo), pero es un autor divertido y provocador a la vez. Suerte con tu búsqueda. ¡Un abrazo!
ResponderBorrar